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SMS Weissenburg
SMS ''Weissenburg'' was one of the first ocean-going battleships of the Imperial German Navy. She was the third pre-dreadnought of the , along with her sister ships , , and . She was laid down in 1890 in the AG Vulcan dockyard in Stettin, launched in 1891, and completed in 1894. The ''Brandenburg''-class battleships were unique for their era in that they carried six large-caliber guns in three twin turrets, as opposed to four guns in two turrets, as was the standard in other navies. The British Royal Navy derisively referred to the ships as "whalers".
''Weissenburg'' saw limited active duty during her service career with the German fleet. She, along with her three sisters, saw one major overseas deployment, to China in 1900–01, during the Boxer Rebellion. The ship underwent a major modernization in 1902–1904. In 1910, ''Weissenburg'' was sold to the Ottoman Empire and renamed ''Turgut Reis'', after the famous 16th century Turkish admiral Turgut Reis. The ship saw heavy service during the Balkan Wars, primarily providing artillery support to Ottoman ground forces and taking part in two naval engagements with the Greek navy in December 1912 and January 1913. She was largely inactive during World War I, due in part to her slow speed. In 1924, ''Turgut Reis'' was used as a school ship, before eventually being scrapped in the mid-1950s.
== Design ==
(詳細はlong overall, had a beam of which was increased to with the addition of torpedo nets, and had a draft of forward and aft. The ship displaced at its designed weight, and up to at full combat load. She was equipped with two sets of 3-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines that provided and a top speed of ; steam was provided by twelve coal-fired, transverse cylindrical water-tube boilers. ''Weissenburg'' had a cruising range of at . Her crew numbered 38 officers and 530 enlisted men.
The ship was unusual for its time in that it possessed a broadside of six heavy guns in three twin gun turrets, rather than the four guns typical of contemporary battleships. The forward and after turrets carried 28 cm (11 inch) SK L/40 guns, while the amidships turret mounted a pair of 28 cm (11 inch) with shorter L/35 barrels. Her secondary armament consisted of eight 10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK L/35 quick-firing guns mounted in casemates and eight 8.8 cm (3.45 in) SK L/30 quick-firing guns, also casemate mounted. ''Weissenburg''s armament system was rounded out with six 45 cm torpedo tubes, all in above-water swivel mounts. Although the main battery was heavier than other capital ships of the period, the secondary armament was considered weak in comparison to other battleships. ''Weissenburg'' was protected with nickel-steel Krupp armor, a new type of stronger steel. Her main belt armor was thick in the central section that protected the ammunition magazines and machinery spaces. The deck was thick. The main battery barbettes were protected with thick armor.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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